明代私人聘幕方式盛行,文人游幕从一种入仕行为演变成以经济驱动为主的谋生手段.这一群体中,南直、浙江、江西等南方省籍人物占绝对优势,呈现较明显的地域特征.幕客以布衣为主,处境艰难,奔波劳苦是其生活常态,但仍热衷于政治与军事,整体人格具有传统的入世倾向,同时又注重内心感受,对个人尊严高度敏感.明代幕府的文学活动丰富,游幕文人普遍参与诗歌唱和与文集编纂,一直是稳定的文学创作主体,成就集中表现在包括应酬与代笔在内的烙着幕府印记的诗文作品上.他们与当时的文学集团关系密切,文学主张既尊奉主流,又彰显个性,是一支重要的文学力量,对明代文学的走向起到了推动作用.%In the Ming dynasty, private employment was very popular, and the scholar's travelling transformed from a kind of behavior into an economic driven means of subsistence. Most of the travelling scholars in the Ming Dynasty were from Nanzhi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and other southern provinces, showing obvious regional characteristics. Official commoners were in a difficult situation, but their overall personality showed the traditional tendency of going to the society, active participation in both political and military activities, and kept highly sensitive to the dignity of the individual. They were closely related to the main literary groups in literary activities and ideas and were an important literary force, which con-tributed to the prosperity of the literature of the Ming Dynasty.
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