为了对浅海环境中的船舶轴频电场进行建模，以基本模拟单元---水平时谐电偶极子为例，根据惟一性原理结合边界条件求解赫兹矢量势。通过电磁场与赫兹矢量势的关系式，推导了其在浅海环境下在海水中产生的电磁场的计算公式。对水平直流电偶极子在三层介质下的电磁场分布进行了求解，对其在海水中产生电场的空间分布特性及通过特性进行了分析。在实验室中模拟浅海海洋环境和水平时谐电偶极子，将水平时谐电偶极子和直流电偶极子在轴频段的电场分布仿真结果与实际测量结果做对比。结果表明，时谐电偶极子实际电场分布与理论计算结果一致，证明了推导过程和所得解析表达式的正确性；水平直流电偶极子在对轴频电场的信号包络中进行求解时建模精度高，可替代水平时谐电偶极子的计算模型，且具有更高的工程实用性。%In order to ship model the Shaft-ELFE in shallow sea,the basic simulation unit-time-harmonic horizontal electric dipole was taken for example,the Hertz vector potential was solved based on the uniqueness principle combined with boundary conditions.The electromagnetic field in shallow seawater was derived from the relational expression between Hertz vector potential and electromagnetic field.The electromagnetic field distribution of DC dipole in three media was solved.The simulated results show that the horizontal electric cell can be used to compute the harmonic cell at sufficiently low frequencies between 1 Hz and 7Hz.The conclusion was further confirmed in laboratory,utilizing the horizontal electric cell and the horizontal harmonic electric cell source in man-made seawater.Finally,the shallow marine environment and horizontal time-harmonic electric dipole were simulated in the laboratory,the electric field distributions of time-harmonic electric dipole and DC dipole were compared.The results show that the time-harmonic electric dipole electric field distribution was consistent with the theoretical calculation,which proved that the derivation and analytical expression are correct;the horizontal time-harmonic current model can be replaced by horizontal DC dipole when the envelop of shaft-ELFE is simulated,and has a higher accuracy and practicability.
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