Air defense is a basic operational pattern of large surface warship formation.The PEPA (Performance Evaluation Process Algebra) method was applied to model the whole-process air defense operation of surface warship formation.The main air defense process,such as early warning,information transmission,giving orders and interception,was described formally.The established model which has the hierarchical structure takes into account the cooperation among elements and represents the concurrency and distributed character of the air defense operation. By doing performance index choosing and steady state analysis,it obtains the influences of different factors on the performance of air defense of warship formation.The appropriate composition of the basic formation elements in air defense operation is also obtained.Therefore,it provides a new method to deal with the air defense problem of warship formation.%防空作战是大型水面舰艇编队的主要作战样式之一。运用PEPA（性能评价过程代数）方法对舰艇编队防空作战全过程进行有效建模，形式化描述了预警探测、情报传递、命令下达、防空拦截等作战主要过程。建立的PEPA模型具有层次化结构，考虑了要素间相互协作，体现了编队防空作战分布、并发的特点。通过对建立的PEPA模型进行性能指标选择和稳定状态分析，得到了不同因素对编队能力发挥的影响情况，获得了防空作战的基本要素组成，从而提供了一种解决舰艇编队问题的新方法。
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