目的:分析真菌、花粉、尘螨致敏的急性支气管哮喘患者的临床特征.方法:研究收集单类变应原过敏的住院哮喘患者132例,其中真菌致敏33例,花粉致敏39例,尘螨致敏60例.比较不同致敏原患者性别比、平均年龄、吸烟率、住院时间、病情严重程度,嗜酸性粒细胞总数、FEV1及FEV1/FVC.结果:3组患者年龄、性别、吸烟、住院天数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).3组病情严重差异有统计学意义(U=10.578,P=0.032).其中真菌致敏的重度比例高于尘螨致敏(χ2=4.818, P=0.028);花粉致敏的重度比例高于尘螨致敏(χ2=5.529,P=0.019).各组嗜酸性粒细胞总数、TIgE、FEV1及FEV1/FVC相比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:真菌致敏、花粉致敏的急性支气管哮喘患者病情相对较重,尘螨致敏者病情相对较轻.%Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with acute bronchial asthma caused by fungus,pollen and dust mites.Methods:132 acute bronchial asthma patients caused by single allergen were selected as subjects,among them,33 ca-ses caused by fungus,39 cases with pollen,and 60 cases with dust mites.Sex ratio,mean age,smoking rate, length of stay,severity of illness,eosinophil count,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were compared in three group.Results:There were no significant diffrences in age,sex ratio,smoking and length of stay in the three groups(P>0.05).The severity of the disease in the three groups was statistically signifi-cant by rank sum test (U=10.578,P=0.032).Among them,severe proportion in the fungus group was higher than that in the dust mites (χ2=4.818,P=0.028),and the pollen group was higher than that in the dust mites (χ2=5.529,P=0.019). There were no significant differences in Eos,TIgE,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the three groups (P>0.05).Conclusions:Acute bronchial asthma pa-tients with fungus and pollen sensitization were serious and patients with dust mites sensitization were relatively mild.
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