To determine the origin and genetic diversity of Tibetan chicken, we analyzed its complete mtDNA D-loop sequences and the available chicken sequences in GenBank. The results showed that, the D-loop region of Tibetan chicken was 1 231-1 232 bp, the 1 231 bp haplotype existed a base C deficiency within 859 site. In the 20 samples assayed,20 mutation sites and 7 haplotypes were found. Phylogenetic analysis found that 7 haplotypes of Tibetan chicken converged into three clades. The clade A were clustered with Gallus gallus murghi, the cluster results indicated clade A may originated from the continental subspecies of Gallus gallus murghi of India or its surrounding areas.The clade B and Clade E and were clustered with Gallus gallus spadiceus, the cluster results indicated two clades may originated from the continental subspecies of Gallus gallus spadiceus of Yunnan or Myanmar or its surrounding areas. The study results will be a reference for genetic resources conservation and development and utilization of Tibetan chicken.%通过对藏鸡线粒体DNA（mtDNA）Dloop区全序列的测序和比对，结合GenBank已经测出Dloop区全序列的部分品种鸡的序列，探讨藏鸡的遗传多样性和母系起源。结果表明，藏鸡DNA（mtDNA）Dloop区全长1231~1232 bp、1231 bp单倍型在859 bp处存在C碱基缺失。在20只个体中，共发现20处单核苷酸多态位点，7种单倍型。系统发育分析发现，藏鸡7种单倍型可以分为A、B、E三个分支。A分支与红色原鸡（Gallus gallus murghi）聚为一类，推测可能起源于红色原鸡的印度亚种分支，B和E与红色原鸡滇南亚种（Gallus gallus spadiceus）聚为一类，推测这两个分支可能起源于云南、缅甸附近地区的红色原鸡滇南亚种。研究从分子水平上为藏鸡的遗传资源保护和开发利用提供参考。
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