The chemical constituents from ethyl acetate fraction of volume fraction 95% ethanolic extract of Pileamicrophylla are isolated by various techniques including silica gel chromatographic ,Sephadex LH‐20 and RP‐18 reversed‐phasesilica gel chromatographic . Seven compounds are obtained and their structures are elucidated as palmitoleic acid(1 ) ,palmitic acid(2 ) ,ursolic acid(3 ) ,trans‐phytol(4 ) ,6 ,7‐epoxy‐3(15)‐caryophyllene ( 5 ) ,(+ )‐spathulenol ( 6 ) and α‐amyrin ( 7 ) by modern spectroscopic techniques (ESI ,1 HNMR ,13CNMR) .Compounds 1‐7 are isolated from this plant for the first time .%采用硅胶色谱、Sephadex L H‐20分子筛和RP‐18反相硅胶色谱等技术，对小叶冷水花95％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分进行分离纯化，并运用现代波谱技术（ESI ，1 HNMR ，13CNMR）鉴定单体化合物结构。发现从其全草乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位分离得到7个化合物，分别为：棕榈油酸（1），棕榈酸（2），乌苏酸（3），反式‐植物醇（4），（－）‐丁香烯氧化物（5），（＋）‐桉油烯醇（6），α‐香树精（7）。化合物1～7均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
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