Investigate incidence and fading time of Mongolian spot in Xinjiang Uygur infants to improve Uygur physical anthropology datum and explore Uygur race composition characteristics and evolutionary process .Observe each part of newborn body skin .Depict outline of Mongolian spot with translucent paper . Calculate Mongolian spot area with weight area conversion . In Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region , Mongolian spot incidence of Uygur newborns in different areas are different , which have significant differences among different regions ,incidence gradually decrease from the east to the west , the average incidence is 46.12% . From the east to the west , the ratio of Mongolian spot area to body surface area decrease gradually ,average percentage is 0.69% .Mongolian spot fading is 78.08% within one year and 98.71 % within five years . Mongolian spot have no abnormal effect on infant physiology . Skin have no abnormal after fadeaway of Mongolian spot . The incidence of Mongolian spots and the gradient difference from the east to the west in Uygur infants living in different areas of Xinjiang approved that Uygur may have European descent . The incorporation of European descent to Uygur have a gradual evolutionary process from the west to the east .%调查蒙古斑在维吾尔族婴幼儿中的发生率及消退时间，完善该民族体质人类学资料，探索该民族人种构成特点及演化过程．肉眼观察新生儿身体各部皮肤，用半透明纸拓绘蒙古斑外形轮廓，以重量面积换算法确定蒙古斑的面积．结果表明新疆维吾尔自治区内，不同地区维吾尔族新生儿蒙古斑发生率不同，各地区之间差异显著，从东部到西部呈逐渐减少趋势，平均发生率为46.12％．从东部到西部，蒙古斑面积占体表面积比率逐渐减少，平均比率为0.69％．1岁内蒙古斑消退78.08％，5岁内消退98.71％，未发现蒙古斑对婴幼儿生理产生异常影响，消退后皮肤未出现异常．蒙古斑在新疆不同地区维吾尔族新生儿中的发生率及东西方向的梯度差异，体现了现代维吾尔族可能具有欧罗巴人种血源，欧罗巴人种血源对维吾尔族的掺入是由西部向东部逐渐深入的演化过程．
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