提出了一种考虑维修比例的民机备件多级库存配置方法,将维修比例引入METRIC(multi-echelon technique for recoverable item control)模型建立多级库存配置模型,运用边际分析法对模型进行求解进而实现备件多级库存配置.首先,阐述了考虑维修比例的多级库存配置模型的原理,建立了以机队可用度为优化目标、费用和保障率为约束数学模型;然后,论述了基于边际分析法的考虑维修比例影响的情况下多级库存配置模型求解流程;最后,以典型民机起落架航线可更换单元(line repair-able units,LRU)为研究对象,在考虑维修比例影响的情况下对其多级库存配置进行研究.算例分析结果表明:在满足优化约束条件的情况下,最小的保障费用为2 759 833美元,机队可用度为0.980 6,并得到此时LRU多级库存配置数量;通过方法比较验证了考虑维修比例的维修资源多级库存配置模型的可行性和有效性.在合理降低成本的前提下,为精确地配置维修资源多级库存优化提供指导.%A multi-echelon inventory allocation technique with maintenance ratio for civil aircraft spare parts was proposed in this paper. Multi-echelon inventory allocation model was established, which integrates maintenance rate into METRIC (Multi-echelon technique for recoverable item control) model, and then marginal analysis method was applied to solve this model and accomplish multi-echelon inventory allocation of spare parts. Firstly, the theory of multi-echelon inventory allocation model with maintenance ratio was elaborated, and the mathematical model was established with the fleet availability as the optimization objective, the cost and the safeguard probability as the con-straints. Secondly, the procedure of solving multi-echelon inventory allocation model considering the influence of maintenance ratio is discussed based on the marginal analysis method. Thirdly, landing gear LRU ( Line repairable units) of a typical civil aircraft were selected as the research object, multi-echelon inventory allocation was investi-gated by considering maintenance ratio. The analysis results show that the minimum safeguard cost and fleet availa-bility are respectively 2759833 dollars and 0.9806, and the number of LRU of multi echelon inventory allocation are obtained under the condition of satisfying the constrained optimization. The feasibility and effectiveness of the devel-oped method are verified by comparing the traditional analysis method. This paper provides guidance for the accurate allocation of multi echelon inventory optimization for maintenance resources on the premise of reasonable cost reduction.
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