At present, Daqing is still an important base for oil and gas production and petrochemical industry in China. The previous wetland meadow 50 years ago has become an oil industry city since its discovery and exploitation. With its decline of the total reserves of oil and gas resources, its development trend is bound to become the focus of environmental science. After complete depletion of oil and gas resources in the future, how to deal with the ecological burden is enough to trigger a concern of all mankind. To provide detailed and reliable information on national culture and social thought for future ecosystem restoration, the author conducted a fieldwork for a one month in Daqing and Duerbote Mongolian Autonomous County, interviewing the elderly who took part in Battle for Oil, consulting the administrative officials and technical staff currently in charge of oil exploitation, and talking with the descendants of the native Mongolian herdsmen. Their memories and personal experience provided witnesses to the great changes in the local ecological environment over half a century. The collected information was then sorted to reflect the specific changes of the local ecological environment and people’s lifestyle so as to offer reliable social information for the ecological restoration in the future.%当前,大庆仍是我国重要的油气生产和石化工业基地之一。大庆油田从发现到开发半个多世纪后的今天,矿区从先前的一片沼泽湿地草甸变成了今天的石油工业重镇。目前,随着油气资源储备总量的下降,大庆的走向必然成为环境科学关注的重点。未来油气资源彻底枯竭后,如何处置石油开采遗留下来的生态包袱,这是一个足以引发全人类关注的生态问题。为了给今后的生态恢复提供详实可靠的民族文化和社会思虑资料,笔者在大庆市及其所属的杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县,进行了为期1个月的实地调查。笔者走访了当年参加＂石油会战＂的老人,咨询了当前正在执掌着石油开发重任的行政官员和技术人员,还与原住蒙古族牧民的后代一道促膝长谈。他们的记忆和切身感受,见证了半个多世纪以来当地生态环境的巨变。在此基础上,笔者对所获资料略加整理,意图反映在开采过程中当地生态环境和人们生活方式变迁的具体内容,以便作为日后展开生态恢复的可靠的社会生活资料。
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