Local chronicles is one of the most important data sources in the study of historical disasters in China. The coming out of several sets of chorographic compilations has provided convenience for their use, while the identification of dependability and integrity of them is still necessary for study of historical disasters reconstruction. Taking the flood disaster records in the Middle and Lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 1849 for the example, disasters records in four sets of chorographic compilations were comparatively analyzed. It draws that: (1) Prefer to using disasters records from the local chronicles at county level for its abundance and dependability; (2) Integrating disasters records from four sets of compilations can make increase disaster records at least by 20％ than that using single set; (3) Among the four sets, disasters records in Integration of Meteorological Records During the Past 3000 Years in China are the most complete and are with the best spatial homogeneity.%中国历史文献中的方志资料是研究历史灾害重要的数据源之一,在使用前人挖掘整理而成的不同整编方志资料时,需要对其由于不同研究目的和空间尺度而在原始灾害记录选入和信息表达方面的差异进行鉴别与分析.为在灾害重建研究中如何综合利用整编史料提供方法借鉴,作者以1849年长江中下游洪涝灾害为例,对4套整编方志资料的灾害记录进行了对比分析,主要结论有:(1)应优先使用记录丰富且来源可靠的府属州、厅、县志记录;(2)4套整编方志资料互相插补综合使用,可比只使用1套提高至少20%的原始记录选入量;(3)4套资料中,<中国三千年气候记录总集>中的灾害记录数量和空间覆盖范围最完整、均一且灾情记录完备,<中国气候灾害大典>中不同省份记录详略差异大,另两套区域尺度资料覆盖范围各有偏重.
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