为了研究堵口单件的水下运动特性及其受投放方式等因素的影响,为紧急堵口方案中直升机的利用提供可靠的技术支撑,针对多种溃坝堵口单件,在玻璃水槽中进行了投放模型试验.从投放方式、竖直方向初速度、密度、形状和水流表面流速这5个方面进行了30种工况的试验.通过试验数据的处理,分析比较了不同工况下多种因素对堵口单件水下运动特性的影响.结果表明:密度适中的中空堵口单件是优选形式;而选择较小迎水面积和阻水面积的投放方式则有利于堵口单件的沉底,并且可以减小漂距.%To study the underwater movement characteristics of the dam-break closure component and the influence of the factors such as the throwing method, generalized throwing model experiments were conducted in the glass flume using various dam-break closure components.About thirty experiment cases in five aspects including shapes, densities, flow velocities, throwing methods and muzzle velocity were carried out.According to the data of the experiments, the underwater movement characteristics of the dambreak closure in different cases were analyzed and compared.The results indicate that the hollow dambreak closure component of the mezzo density is the better modality, and that the throwing method,which can decrease the horizontal and vertical backup water moving area, is propitious to the sinking movement,and can reduce the distance of excursion.
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