以柠檬〔Citrus limon(Linn.)Burm.f.〕品种'尤力克'('Eureka')为研究对象,采用GC-MS技术研究了腐植酸水溶肥(WHA)、黄腐酸钾(FAP)和黄腐酸精华液(FAD)3种腐植酸叶面肥对柠檬叶挥发油含量及化学成分组成的影响,且对3个腐植酸叶面肥处理组柠檬叶挥发油的DPPH·清除率进行了比较.结果显示:WHA和FAP处理组柠檬叶挥发油含量显著高于空白对照(CK)组(P<0.05).3个腐植酸叶面肥处理组对柠檬叶挥发油的化学成分类型影响较小,但对其相对含量的影响较大.3个腐植酸叶面肥处理组柠檬叶挥发油中烯类、醛类和醇类化合物的相对含量均较高.随着柠檬叶挥发油质量浓度的提高(13.50~76.50 mg·L-1),3个腐植酸叶面肥处理组柠檬叶挥发油的DPPH·清除率均显著升高.3个腐植酸叶面肥处理组柠檬叶挥发油的DPPH·清除率均显著高于CK组,其中WHA处理组柠檬叶挥发油的DPPH·清除率最高,FAP和FAD处理组次之.WHA处理组柠檬叶挥发油的DPPH·清除率的半抑制浓度(IC50)最小,为21.89 mg·L-1;FAP和FAD处理组的DPPH·清除率的IC50值较大,分别为33.96和41.29 mg·L-1.上述研究结果表明:喷施含WHA、FAP和FAD的腐植酸叶面肥均对柠檬叶挥发油的含量和抗氧化活性有提高作用,其中,喷施含WHA的腐植酸叶面肥的提高作用最佳.%Taking cultivar'Eureka' of Citrus limon (Linn.) Burm. f. as research object, effects of three humic acid foliar fertilizers of water?soluble fertilizer containing humic acid ( WHA ) , fulvic acid potassium ( FAP ) , and fulvic acid distillate ( FAD) on contents and chemical constituent composition of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon were studied by GC?MS technique, and DPPH· scavenging rates of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon in three humic acid foliar fertilizer treatment groups were compared. The results show that contents of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon in WHA and FAP treatment groups are significantly higher than that in blank control ( CK ) group ( P<0. 05 ) . Three humic acid foliar fertilizer treatment groups have a little influence on the chemical constituent types of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon, but have great influence on their relative contents. Relative contents of alkene, aldehyde, and alcohol compounds in volatile oil from leaves of C. limon in three humic acid foliar fertilizer treatment groups are relatively high. With enhancing of mass concentration of volatile oil (13. 50-76. 50 mg·L-1) in leaves of C. limon, DPPH·scavenging rates of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon in three humic acid foliar fertilizer treatment groups all increase significantly. DPPH· scavenging rates of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon in three humic acid foliar fertilizer treatment groups are all significantly higher than that in CK group, in which, that in WHA treatment group is the highest, followed by FAP and FAD treatment groups. Half?inhibitory concentration ( IC50 ) of DPPH· scavenging rate of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon in WHA treatment group is the smallest, which is 21. 89 mg·L-1;those in FAP and FDA treatment groups are relatively high, which are 33. 96 and 41. 29 mg·L-1, respectively. It is suggested that spraying humic acid foliar fertilizers containing WHA, FAP, and FAD can enhance the contents and antioxidant activities of volatile oil from leaves of C. limon, in which, spraying humic acid foliar fertilizer containing WHA has the best promotion effect.
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