目的：探讨影响黄褐斑患病的危险因素,为制定黄褐斑干预策略,采取有针对性的防治措施提供科学依据。方法对深圳市人民医院就诊的200例黄褐斑患者进行病例对照研究，并对相关危险因素进行多因素分析。结果年龄、家族史、季节变化、精神(劳累)、日光照射、妊娠、敏感性皮肤为黄褐斑的危险因素，其OR值依次为0.131，1.650，12.995，0.269，36.460，78.075，14.695。防晒为黄褐斑的保护因素，其OR值为0.101。结论通过对本次流行病学调查，发现年龄、家族史、季节变化、精神（劳累）、日光照射、妊娠、敏感性皮肤是深圳地区黄褐斑发生的危险因素，防晒、心情愉悦为黄褐斑保护因素。而睡眠质量、睡眠不足、节育方式、化妆品因素与黄褐斑的发生无明显相关性。%ObjectiveTo investigate the related risk factors for melasma, and to provide scientiifc data for the prevention and treatment of melasma.MethodsTwo hundred patients from Shenzhen people's hospital were questioned by the matched case-control study. Risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression.ResultsThe age (OR=0.131), family history (OR=1.650), seasonal variation (OR=12.995), stress (fatigue) (OR=0.269), sunlight (OR=36.460), gestation (OR=78.075), and sensitive skin (OR=14.695) were signiifcant in multiple-regressionof risk factors for melisma. Sunscreen was an independent protect factor for melasma. TheOR was 0.101.ConclusionThrough this epidemiological survey, some factors, i.e. age, family history, seasonal variation, stress (fatigue), sunlight, sunscreen, gestation, and sensitive skin were conifrmed to be the risk factors for melisma in Shenzhen; sunscreen application, good mood could prevent occurrence of melasma. Some other factors were proved to be non-irrelevant: sleep quality, lack of sleep, contraception and cosmetic.
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