Objective To study the effect of 2940nm fractional erbium laser on hypertrophic scars of rabbit ears. Methods Establish rabbit ears hyperplastic scar models. The models of rabbit ears were divided into laser group ( group A) and control group ( group B). The 2940 nm fractional erbium laser was used to treat hyperplastic scar in group A, the control group without treatment. Gross observation time of wound healing and hyperplasia scar. The laser group before and after the treatment of 7, 14, 30 days respectively to collect specimens, and the control group at the same time points and scar natural growth after 70 days were collected specimens, using the specimens to measure the scar elevation index of scar(SEI ) and observed the pathological changes of scars with HE staining and test the level of Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) with immunohistochemistry. Results Laser treatment group after treatment 7, 14, 30 days of scar proliferation index were (2.52 ± 0.13)mm, (1.67 ± 0.09)mm, (1.18 ± 0.10)mm, the control group were (2.64 ± 0.57)mm, (2.76 ± 0.38)mm, (2.78 ± 0.29)mm, the laser group after treatment of 3 time points scar gradually decreased, compared with the control group decreased significantly. HE staining showed vascular in the scar tissue changes from coarse to fine in group A. Collagen fiber arranged from irregularity to regular, there was no change in control group;Immunohistochemistry showed that the level of VEGF decreased gradually in laser group, while the control group had no obvious change. Conclusion The effectiveness of 2940 nm laser treatment may be related to down-regulation of cytokine VEGF expression which was associated with hypertrophic scar.% 目的研究2940 nm点阵铒激光对兔耳增生性瘢痕组织的影响。方法建立兔耳腹侧增生性瘢痕模型；将兔耳创面分为激光组（A组）和对照组（B组），A组用2940 nm点阵铒激光治疗，B组不予治疗；观察创面愈合时间和瘢痕增生情况。A组在治疗前、治疗后第7、14、30 d分别收集标本，B组在以上相同时间点及瘢痕自然生长后70 d分别收集标本，测量A、B组每个瘢痕增生指数（SEI），HE染色观察瘢痕组织病理变化及免疫组化法检测血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）的水平。结果A组治疗后第7、14、30 d SEI分别为(2.52±0.13)mm、(1.67±0.09)mm、(1.18±0.10)mm，B组分别为(2.64±0.57)mm、(2.76±0.38)mm、(2.78±0.29)mm，A组治疗后3个时间点瘢痕逐渐减小，与B组相比明显下降；HE染色观察示A组治疗后第7、14、30 d瘢痕组织内血管由粗大变细小，胶原纤维由排列不齐变排列整齐，B组无明显变化；免疫组化示A组VEGF水平逐渐降低，而B组与治疗前瘢痕内VEGF表达无明显差异。结论2940 nm点阵铒激光治疗的有效性可能与其下调与增生性瘢痕相关的VEGF表达有关。
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