Objective To compare 16S rRNA gene sequences of clinical and environmental isolates of S.mcdtophilia, construct phylogenetic tree and analyze evolutionary relationship. Methods 16S rRNA of three clinical isolates and one environmental isolate of S.maltophilia were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the above isolates and other 32 S.maltophilia isolates with different origins selected from GenBank were analyzed and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated most of the investigated isolates could be divided into three clusters depending on their sources. Gene sequences analysis indicated there could be key sequences on the high variable regions that were potential for distinguishing between clinical and environmental isolates. Conclusion Results of this study indicate the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of S.maltophilia. Most of the clinical and environmental S.maltophilia can be distinguished according to their 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequences.%目的:比较嗜麦芽寡氧单胞菌临床株与环境株16S rRNA基因序列,构建系统发育树,分析其进化关系.方法:对选取的3株嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌临床株和1株环境株的16S rRNA基因进行PCR扩增并测序.将上述及从GenBank中挑选出的其他32株不同来源的嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的16S rRNA基因序列进行对比分析.并绘制系统发育树.结果:系统发育分析表明大部分菌株可根据来源分为3个簇,序列分析显示某些高度可变区可能存在可区分临床株与环境株的关键序列.结论:嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌基因型及表现型具有多样性:大部分嗜麦芽寡氧单胞菌临床株与环境株可根据16S rRNA基因序列进行鉴别.
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