Objective:To investigate the oral Candida albicans(CA)distribution in Uyghur children and to explore the gene type of CA in the children with high caries.Methods:The oral CA of 144 Uyghur children aged 3 -5 years was detected and identified by CHROMagar Candida medium culture,biochemical identification and PCR respectively.Gene type in 25 samples of high caries was de-tected by PCR25r-genotyping.Results:CA was found in 35(24.3%)of the children,and 25 of them with high caries.The gene type of CA was divided into type A,B and C,A was the major(72.0%).Conclusion:Oral Candida albicans may be related to childhood caries of Uygur population.Candida albicans with genotype A may be more cariogenic in Uygur children.%目的：研究乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族儿童口腔白色念珠菌的分布及高龋儿童口腔白色念珠菌基因分型。方法：利用科玛嘉念珠菌显色培养基对144名维吾尔族3～5岁儿童进行口腔白色念珠菌分离培养及鉴定，进行 PCR25SrDNA 基因分型。结果：35个儿童（24．3％）的口腔中检出白色念球菌。无龋、有龋、高龋儿童口腔白色念珠菌检出率分别为3．8％、50．0％和35．7％（χ2＝22．246，P ＝0．000）；25例高龋儿童的 PCR25rDNA 分3型，以 A 型为主（72．0％）。结论：白色念珠菌可能是维吾尔族儿童龋病的危险因素，白色念珠菌 PCR25SrDNA 基因的 A 型者可能更易致龋。
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