目的:调查下颌第一恒磨牙远舌根的发现率及根管治疗情况.方法:收集下颌第一恒磨牙根管治疗的完整病例,包括病历记录和术前、术中、术后X线片,记录下颌第一磨牙远舌根发生的牙位、患者性别,统计下颌第一恒磨牙远舌根的发生率和治疗情况.结果:在378颗中国人下颌第一恒磨牙根管治疗病例中,下颌第一恒磨牙远舌根的发现率为26.98%(102/378),不同牙位和性别远舌根的发现率无统计学差异(P＞0.05).在男性患者中,右侧远舌根发现率高于左侧(P＜0.05).在下颌第一恒磨牙根管预备过程中,器械分离和根管侧穿发生率高于其它根管;在根管充填时,欠填率高于其它根管(P＜0.05).结论:远舌根在下颌第一恒磨牙中有较高发现率,发生器械分离和根管侧穿以及欠填的比例高于其它根管.%Objective: To investigate the prevalence and endodontic treatment outcome of mandibular first molars featuring radix ento-molaris(RE) in Chinese population in Chengdu. Methods; Periapical radiographs and clinical records of 378 endodontically treated permanent mandibular first molars from 350 patients were collected in dental clinic for this study. The gender, location, frequencies and root canal treatment outcome of the molars possessing RE were recorded and analysed. Results; The prevalence of permanent mandibular first molars with RE was 26. 98% (102/378). Both gender and bilateral occurrence did not show a significantly difference in the three-rooted mandibular first molars(P >0. 05). In the males higher incidence of RE was found on the right side(28/76) than on the left(14/79) (P <0. 05). Higher incidences of instrument separation, lateral perforation and obturation incompletion in the root canals of RE were observed than in the other canals in permanent mandibular first molars ( P < 0. 05). Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of the high racial prevalence and high complication incidence of the RE in mandibular first molars in the Chinese individuals before initiating endodontic treatment.
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