Objective :To observe the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) during experimental tooth movement in rats. Methods:30 adult SD rats were randomly grouped into 6:the control and the 5 groupes for experemental tooth movement. Orthodontic appliance was placed between the maxillary left first molar and maxillary central incisors of the rats in tested groupes. MMP-3 and TIMP-1 expression was examined with immunohistochemical technic and image analyses 1,3,5,7 and 1 4 days after orthodontic force application. Results: The expression of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 was weak in the periodotium in control rats. MMP-3 expression increased 1 d after tooth movement and reached the maximum in 5 d. Strong expression of MMP-3 was also found in osteoclasts. TIMP-1 expresion was increased 3 d after tooth movement and increased in 7 d. TIMP-1 positive firbro blasts and osteoblasts were found not only on the pressure side but also on the tension side of the periodontium. Conclusion :MMP3 and TIMP-1 may play some roles in orthodontic periodontium remodeling during tooth movement and in osteoclastic bone resorption.%目的：探讨大鼠正畸牙周组织改建过程中基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)和金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-1(TIMP-1)与正畸牙齿移动的关系。方法：在SD成年大鼠上颌左侧第一磨牙与上颌切牙之间安置正畸装置，建立大鼠磨牙移动实验模型。于牙齿移动1、3、5、7、14 d后取材分别进行免疫组化染色，图像分析，观察MMP-3和TIMP-l表达的变化。结果：牙齿移动1 d后，牙周组织细胞MMP-3表达增强，5 d后MMP-3表达达到高峰。此时破骨细胞胞浆亦呈强阳性表达。而TIMP-1于牙齿移动3 d后表达开始增强，7 d后显著表达。结论：MMP-3及TIMP-1参与了正畸牙周组织改建过程，MMP-3在破骨细胞性骨吸收中起着重要作用。
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