作为环保领域的重大制度创新, 中央环保督察已在全国范围开展深入实践.论文在对其实施特点分析基础上, 使用双重差分模型研究中央环保督察对空气质量的影响效果.研究发现, 督察城市与其相邻非督察城市的空气质量状况及变化趋势非常一致, 可能存在污染物跨域流动及治理溢出效应, 中央环保督察的净效应不显著;而与其不相邻的非督察城市相比, 中央环保督察的开展使督察城市PM10、SO2、CO、NO2浓度显著降低, 但其对PM2.5、O3影响不显著.PM2.5、O3等二次污染物治理更复杂, 需进一步关注.此外, 中央环保督察不同环节对空气质量的影响存在差异.在国家环境监督体系由"督企"向"督政"延伸背景下, 论文拓展了对中央环保督察这一制度创新的特征及效果的理解.%As a major institutional innovation in the field of Chinese environmental protection, the central environmental protection inspection has been carried out in-depth across the country. Based on an analysis of its implementation, this study conducted differences-in-differences analysis to investigate the effect, if any, of inspection on air quality. It was found that the status and trends of air quality of inspected cities and neighboring non-inspection cities were very similar, and the cross-regional flow of pollutants and spillover effects may exist. Therefore, the net effect of central environmental protection inspection was not significant. Although compared with uninspected cities not adjacent to them, cities subject to the central environmental protection inspection had significantly reduced concentrations of PM10, SO2, CO, and NO2, but the impact on PM2.5 and O3 pollutants was not significant. The control of secondary pollutants such as PM2.5 and O3 is more complicated and needs further attention. In addition, the impact of different processes of the central environmental protection inspection on air quality was different. In the context of the extension of the national environmental supervision system from "supervising enterprises"to "supervising local governments ", the paper expands our understanding of the implementation and effects of central environmental protection inspection as an innovation.
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