2012年11月19日，环境减灾卫星一号C星成功发射，是我国第1颗民用合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星，也是目前世界上唯一在轨运行的S波段SAR卫星。在轨测试阶段，民政部国家减灾中心对C星在冰凌灾害方面的应用能力进行了初步的评价，同时利用资源三号卫星多光谱影像进行相对精度评价。结果表明，S波段SAR卫星对于冰凌具有极好的响应，对于完全封冻、未完全封冻和浮冰区域，可有效地辨识，具备较好的减灾应用能力。S波段SAR卫星数据将填补我国乃至世界上SAR卫星数据的波段空白，减灾应用潜力有待进一步深入挖掘。%On November 19, 2012, HJ-1-C was launched successfully, which is the first civil Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite in China and is also the only S-band SAR on-orbit satellite in the world. During the on-orbit period, National Disaster Reduction Center of China (NDRCC) preliminarily evaluated the application capacity towards the ice disaster, and also evaluated the relative precision by using multispectral images of ZY-3 satellite. The result shows that, the S-band SAR satellite has super response towards ice. Entirely freeze-up area, non entirely freeze-up area and drift ice area can be effectively identified, and the S-band SAR satellite has better disaster reduction application capacity. The S-band SAR satellite data will fill up the band’s blank of SAR satellite in China and even the world, and its disaster reduction potentiality remains to be excavated further more.
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