In order to study the emergency evacuation rules of the workers in the well field when the emergencies , such as blowout or carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide leakage , occur during the exploitation operation process of oil and gas , tak-ing the fracturing operation as example , a real fracturing well field model was established by using the social force model . The workers of the fracturing operation including the fracturing team , oil testing team , perforation team and other workers were divided into five groups according to their regular working area , and the emergency evacuation process of the workers in the fracturing well field evacuating to the emergency gathering area when the blowout was out of control was simulated .The results showed that the simulation calculation could indirectly reflect the actual evacuation level of the workers , and evaluate the effect of emergency evacuation .The evacuation time of the workers near the sand tanker trucks was the shortest , while the evacuation time of the workers near the liquid tanks was the longest , and the congestion phenomenon appeared when passing through the narrow area .The results of simulation calculation can provide the powerful reference for the layout of well site , such as the placement of well field facilities , the construction of temporary houses , the selection of emergency gathering area , etc.It can be used to guide the establishment of reasonable emergency evacuation plan .%为了研究石油天然气开采作业过程中发生井喷或一氧化碳和硫化氢泄漏等突发事件时井场作业人员的应急疏散规律,以压裂作业为例,采用社会力模型,建立压裂井场模型,将压裂作业中压裂队、试油队和射孔队等作业人员按照常规工作区域分为5组,模拟了井喷失控时压裂井场作业人员撤离至应急集中区域的应急疏散过程.研究结果表明:仿真计算可以间接反映作业人员的真实疏散水平,可评估应急疏散效果;砂罐车附近的作业人员疏散用时最短,液灌附近的作业人员疏散用时最长,在通过狭窄区域时出现了拥堵现象.仿真计算结果可为井场设施摆放、临时房屋建设、应急集中区域选择等井场布置工作提供参考,可用于指导合理应急疏散方案的制订.
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