In order to study the characteristics of water hydraulic single hydraulic prop under the effect of load , a physical model and an element level simulation bond model of single prop were established .By simulating the work-ing process of single prop , the effects of different parameters on the lifting characteristics of single prop and the pressure-flow properties of three-function valve were analyzed .The results showed that: increasing the diameter of liquid inlet and liquid outlet orifices or reducing the valve overlap amount and equivalent damping can improve the response speed of the relief valve , and gain bigger relief flow rate and increase the falling distance of prop .But when the diameter of liquid inlet is too big , the close performance of valve port will be affected , and reducing e-quivalent damping can also aggravate the instability of relief valve core .%为研究水压单体液压支柱在负载作用下的特性，建立了单体支柱的物理模型和元件级仿真键合模型，通过模拟支柱工作过程分析了不同参数对支柱升降特性及水压三用阀的压力流量特性的影响。分析结果表明：增大进液口与排液孔直径、减小阀口重叠量与等效阻尼可提高系统响应速度、增大溢流流量和支柱回缩量，但过大进液口直径会影响阀口的关闭性能，同时减小等效阻尼会使安全阀阀芯的稳定性降低。
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