三高气井因其高压、高产能和含有毒害气体,一旦井控工作失败,势必引起无法估量损失.引发三高气井井控风险的因素很多,各因素对风险的影响也各不相同,做好井控风险诱因的评估是有效降低井控事故发生、减少事故损失的基础工作.通过现场案例的调查分析,构建了针对溢流、井涌、和井喷事故的三高气井井控诱因结构体系,建立了各级诱因对井控风险的权重模型,计算得出了各级诱因的权重值,为正确识别和控制三高气井井控风险(溢流、井涌和井喷)提供了理论依据.最后针对四个关键的风险诱因提出了工程技术应对措施,这些应对措施在西部某油田得到广泛的应用.%The features of "three-high"gas well are high pressure, high production, and high toxic and harmful gas content. Once the well control fail, it' s bound to cause incalculable loss. There are many factors that cause "three-high" well control risk and each factor makes different impact on it, the assessment about the well control incentives is the foundation of effectively reducing well control accident and accident losses. Through the live case analysis, a "three-high" well control incentives structures for overflow, well kick and blowout was established, the weigh model of incentives at all levels to well control risk was built, and the weighs of incentives at all levels were calculated, which provides a theoretical basis for the correct identification and the control of "three-high" gas well control risk (overflow, well kick and blowout). Finally, some engineering countermeasures against the four key risk incentives were put forward, these countermeasures were widely used in an oilfield in the west.
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