Based on the petroleum and chemical accidents at home and abroad during the period between 2011 and 2012,the accidents were analyzed in terms of accident levels,accident types,occurrence time,chemicals involved,operation types and countries.The result showed that catastrophic and serious accidents were on the rise and had the character of "low frequency,serious consequence",the chemicals involved was very intensive,the accident pyramid of China had the character of "small bottom,abrupt slope" ; the ratio of death toll to accident number correlated with the level of economy ; the death toll and number of explosions ranked first,the number of fires rose sightly,but the death toll rose considerably.To prevent or reduce accidents,some suggestions were put forward from the following aspects:promoting near miss management,introducing OSHA mechanism and strengthening safety supervision of production and transportation,etc.%按照事故级别、所属板块、事故类型、事故时间、涉及的化学品、发生国家,对2011年和2012年国内外石油化工行业发生的死亡1人以上的事故进行了统计分析,研究了事故动态和趋势.结果表明:重特大事故呈上升态势,具有“小概率、大后果”的特点；事故涉及的化学品种类很集中；我国伤亡事故金字塔呈现出“底部小、形状陡”的特点；死亡人数/起数比值与经济发展水平有关；爆炸事故的起数和死亡人数最高,事故起数增幅较大,火灾事故起数增幅不大,但死亡人数有大幅度增加,泄漏事故和其他事故的起数、死亡人数均有所降低.根据统计分析的结果,从加强未遂事件管理、引进OSHA绩效考核机制、加强危险品运输和化工企业安全监管、加大安全投入和提升安全技术装备水平等方面提出了建议措施.对研究国内外石化行业的事故动向,从整体上防范事故发生,具有重要的指导意义.
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