Accidents of trains reception and departure operation occupy a large proportion in the railway traffic ones. In order to reduce the probability of train reception accidents, diagnosis time, which is set down reasonably, is very important to ensure the safety of train receiving route setting. Due to the great randomness of the method a-dopted practical activity by railway stations, the model of human cognitive reliability ( HCR) was put forward to determine the diagnosis time of train receiving route setting based on the probability of human error, and the simulating experiment was carried on at the automatic block section. The result showed that the diagnosis time which is determined by HCR model according to the probability of the human error has good conformity with the data tested by the realistic working, and training the level of operational staffs has great influence on diagnosis time. So the model of HCR can be used to determine the best diagnosis time of the train receiving route setting according to the training level of operators and acceptable probability of human error, as the same time which can be used to revise the diagnosis time which is investigated by practical activity.%接发列车作业事故在铁路运输事故中占有相当大的比重.为减少接车作业事故的发生,合理制定车站接车进路办理时的诊断时间是保证接车作业安全的关键.针对车站采用写实法查定时具有较大随意性的问题,提出采用人的认知可靠性(HCR)模型,根据人因失误概率计算接车作业诊断时间的方法,并在自动闭塞区段通过模拟机实验进行了验证.结果表明,HCR模型确定的诊断时间与人因失误之间的关系与写实法的测定数据具有良好的符合性；作业人员的训练水平对诊断时间有较大的影响；利用该模型,根据作业人员的训练水平与可接受的人因失误概率,可以确定接车进路办理的最佳诊断时间,或对写实法测定的诊断时间进行订正.
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