After safety culture had been proposed, many definitions of safety culture appeared. The characteristics of a good safety culture were discussed broadly, and different characteristics of safety culture were described. On the whole, an ideal safety culture should be a reporting culture, a just culture, a learning culture and a flexible culture. In addition, in an organization with good safety culture, all employees should possess positive safety attitude , high ability of risk perception and safety behavior. A good safety culture could not grow up spontaneously. It could only be achieved by safety culture development. In some enterprises, many people could not tell the difference between safety culture development and safety management. In this situation, they were confused in how to develop their safety culture. They felt that they did a lot of work which were the same as they did when they did safety management. Safety management system was adopted broadly in safety management. Based on the analysis on relationship between safety culture development and safety management system implementation, it was argued that safety management system implementation was just the process of safety culture development. A lot of work could be saved by developing safety culture and implementing safety management system at the same time.%安全文化的概念被提出以来,国内外出现了多种安全文化的定义,对企业优秀安全文化特征的论述也多种多样.总体看来,优秀的企业安全文化应具有鼓励报告性、公平公正性、持续改进性和灵活可塑性四种基本属性.此外,在拥有优秀的安全文化的企业中,组织的全体成员应具有积极的安全态度、较高的风险认知能力和安全行为能力.优秀的安全文化不是自然形成的,需要正确的安全文化建设方法.基于对如何建设优秀安全文化的分析,建立了安全文化建设和安全管理体系运行之间的关系,分析了优秀安全文化的特征内容和安全管理体系要素之间的对应关系,提出了通过企业安全管理体系的有效运行来建设安全文化的思路,避免了企业安全文化建设和安全管理工作的重复和交叉.
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