Gd、Ho和Dy因其独特的光学和磁学性质而在生物成像等方面有着广泛的应用.在镧系元素中,Gd3+具有7个不成对的电子,可以提供高的弛豫度,已被广泛地用于磁共振成像(MRI)造影剂,而Ho3+和Dy3+具有最短的电子弛豫时间和最高的有效磁矩,因此有良好的高场T2弛豫效果.介绍了基于这3种稀土元素的纳米材料在MRI方面的应用.%Gd,Ho,and Dy have been widely used in biological imaging because of their excellent optical and magnetic properties.In particular,Gd3+ is extensively applied in MRI field because Gd3+ has 7 unpaired electrons which offer high relaxation degree.Among all lanthanides,Ho3 + and Dy3+ have the most efficient T2 relaxation at high magnetic field due to their shortest electronic relaxation time and the highest effective magnetic moment.Herein,the applications of these three rare earth element-based nanomaterials in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are reviewed.
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