准确地定位社交网络上的信息扩散源点，对于网络信息扩散控制具有重要的现实意义。现有的一种可行方法是通过在网络中观察点搜集的过程信息对扩散源进行定位，定位准确率与观察点的选择紧密相关。针对网络中的信息扩散源定位问题，提出了一种网络观察点优化部署方法。考虑单信息源的信息扩散过程，首先分析了特定信息源定位准确率与观察点部署位置之间的关系，以此为基础，发现了与任意信息源定位准确率相关的关键因素。提出基于r覆盖率的观察点部署策略，以观察点集合的r覆盖率作为目标函数，实现了r覆盖率优先观察点选取算法。在模型网络与实际网络上进行了实验，验证了该方法的有效性。提出的观察点部署策略对于网络谣言、计算机病毒的控制具有重要意义。%Locating information source accurately is important for controlling its diffusion on the social network. In previous studies, a feasible way is locating the source using process information collected by the observers. Thus, the accuracy rate is closely related to the observer positions. In this paper, an optimal deployment method for observer positions is proposed. Considering the information diffusion process for single source, it firstly analyzes the relationship between the accuracy rate for locating a specified source and the positions of observers. Based on the relationship, it finds a key factor which is related to the accuracy rate of locating any source. It then suggests a method to deploy the observer positions based on r-coverage rate. It chooses the r-coverage rate of the observers as the objective function to implement the r-coverage rate first observer selection algorithm. The proposed method is tested on model and real networks respectively. Results show that the proposed method is effective. The observer deployment method is significant in controlling internet rumors and computer virus.
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