目的探讨超声治疗仪不同声强、脉冲宽度、辐照时间和不同微泡剂量下声孔效应增大肿瘤细胞膜通透性的适宜声学参数。方法将90个接种于新西兰白兔的VX2移植瘤按声强、脉冲宽度、辐照时间和微泡剂量分为4个部分，各部分设有不同水平。治疗超声直接辐照肿瘤体表处，同时经静脉通道连续、缓慢注入微泡。治疗结束后立即取材制作组织切片，利用硝酸镧示踪电镜观察肿瘤细胞通透性变化，依次得出4个因素的适宜声学参数。结果超声联合微泡辐照致声孔效应能不同程度增大毛细血管壁通透性，其适宜的声强、脉冲宽度、辐照时间及微泡剂量分别为0.43 W/cm2、2.42 ms、10 min、0.50 ml/kg。结论超声联合微泡辐照致声孔效应能透过毛细血管壁将肿瘤细胞膜“打孔”，有望增强肿瘤化疗效果。%Objective To explore the appropriate acoustic parameters for augmenting the permeability of tumor cells using microbubble-enhanced ultrasound. Methods Ninety intramuscular VX2 tumors grown in New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 parts by 4 factors, namely sound intensity, pulse width, insonation time and microbubble dose, each at different levels. Therapeutic ultrasound was delivered directly to the tumor surface during intravenous infusion of microbubbles. The tumor was excised after the treatment and sliced to investigate the change in tumor cell permeability using lanthanum nitrate electron microscopy. The appropriate acoustic parameters of the 4 factors were investigated. Results Sonoporation induced by microbubble-enhanced ultrasound augmented the permeability of the tumor cells, and the appro-priate sound intensity, pulse width, insonation time and microbubble dose were 0.43 W/cm2, 2.42 ms, 10 min, and 0.50 ml/kg, respectively. Conclusion Sonoporation induced by microbubble-enhanced ultrasound can induce pores in tumor cell membrane, which may potential increase the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy.
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