由卫星和碎片爆炸或相互间碰撞所产生的分裂体,或由在轨航天器向外抛射所产生的抛射物,对空间环境的影响正日益增大.对它们轨道形成和演化的研究可以为分析空间解体事件提供一种有效方法.本文利用Kepler运动积分以及受摄二体问题的分析解,建立了分裂体或抛射物的轨道形成及其演化与分裂或抛射速度之间的关系,从而为理解以各个方向、不同大小的速度分裂或抛射的物体的轨道演化特征提供理论依据.文章最后通过数值验证表明了该方法的有效性.%The influence of disintegration objects produced by satellite explosions or debris collisions in space or projectiles of space probes on the space environment is nowadays greater and greater. Research on orbital formation and evolution of disintegration objects can provide an effective method for analysis of space explosions and collisions.This paper provides analysis of the relationship between orbit formation and evolution of disintegration objects or projectiles and disintegration or projection velocity based on integral of Keplerian motion and analytical solution of perturbed two-body problem. Furthermore, the analysis provides a method to understand the characteristics of orbital evolution with different disintegration or projection velocities. At the end of the paper, the effectiveness of analytical results is tested with a numerical method.
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