With the rapid development of China's capital markets, listed companies represented as enterprise elite emerge in large numbers; however, development of listed companies are worried by people, the situation "outstanding performance first year, general performance second year, poor performance third year" is evident, viability urgently needs to be improved. Enterprises viability theory is proposed by Lin Yifu, many scholars have conducted a follow-up studies. In this paper, enterprise viability theory is divided into two categories, which are basic research and expand research, respectively review them. Through review we can conclude, there exist a few questions about enterprises viability research such as paper numbers less than normal on the overall, research still needs to expand and deepen tightly followed with the economic development, to be studied how scientifically and reasonably measure the viability of listed companies. Through this paper review, we hope to sort out the future study field of listed company viability which need to be studied deeply.%随着我国资本市场的迅速发展，作为企业精英代表的上市公司大量涌现；但其发展状况令人堪忧，“一年绩优，二年绩平，三年绩差”的现象有目共睹，自生能力亟待提高。企业自生能力理论由林毅夫提出，众多学者对其进行了后续研究。文章将企业自生能力理论分为基础研究和拓展研究两大类，分别进行研究综述。通过研究发现，企业自生能力研究存在着数量整体上偏少、研究内容尚需紧随经济发展状况拓展并深化、需研究如何科学合理地衡量上市公司自生能力等问题。同时，文章通过文献综述，期望能理清我国上市公司自生能力未来尚需深入研究的领域。
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