对茶叶天然染料的碱性提取及提取液对蚕丝织物的染色进行研究.用碳酸钠水溶液提取茶叶天然染料,探讨碳酸钠用量、提取温度、提取时间对茶叶天然染料提取效果的影响及染色pH值、染色温度、染色时间、硫酸钠用量等对蚕丝织物直接染色效果的影响.研究结果表明,茶叶碳酸钠水溶液提取物染色蚕丝织物比茶叶水提取物染色蚕丝织物的颜色更浓.茶叶天然染料提取的优化工艺为:碳酸钠8 g/L,提取温度90℃,提取时间40 min.茶叶提取液对蚕丝织物直接染色的优化工艺为:染液pH值4.00左右,硫酸钠40 g/L,染色温度90℃,染色时间60 min,浴比50:1.碳酸钠水溶液提取物染色蚕丝织物具有较好的牢度,媒染可适当提高染色蚕丝织物的耐洗色牢度.%The alkaline conditions for extraction of natural dye from tea and dyeing on silk fabrics with the resulting extract were studied. Natural dye from tea was extracted with Na2CO3 solution. Factors exerting influence on extraction results such as Na2CO3 concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time and factors exerting influence on dyeing results on silk fabrics such as dyeing pH, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, Na2SO4 concentration were discussed. It was found that the dyed silk fabrics with Na2CO3 solution extracts of tea had better color strength than the dyed silk fabrics with extracts obtained in water. The optimum conditions for the extraction were as follows; Na2CO38 g/L, extraction temperature 90 ℃ , and extraction time 40 min. The optimum conditions for the dyeing on silk fabrics were as follows; pH 4.00, Na2SO440 g/L, dyeing temperature 90 ℃ , dyeing time 60 min, and bath ratio 50: 1. The dyed silk fabrics with Na2CO3 solution extracts have higher fastness properties. The washing fastnesses were obviously improved by mordanting.
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