Gansu is located on the golden part of the new Silk Road, and the new economic belt will definitely push its economic development. The paper, employing cointegration theory and Granger casualty test, makes an empirical analysis of the relationship between economic development and foreign trade in Gansu in the years of 1985 to 2012. The findings show that export does not improve economic development while import does. So, advanced technical equipment should be introduced to promote upgrade of industrial structure, and the export product structure should be adjusted to help upgrade of human capital.%甘肃作为新丝绸之路的黄金段，新丝绸之路经济带的提出对其经济的发展起着推动作用。运用协整理论和格兰杰因果关系检验方法，对甘肃省1985~2012年经济增长与对外贸易的关系进行了实证分析，发现在经济发展过程中，出口对其经济增长没有促进作用，而进口促进经济增长的悖论。因此，甘肃省一方面应引进先进的技术设备，促进产业结构的升级，另一方面，调整出口产品结构，使出口促进其人力资本的升级。
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