Dong Xuewen is a very important literary theoretician in contemporary literary circle, and his literary essentialism has a profound theoretic background and enjoys novelty in some sense. The study of Dong＇s literary essentialism is beneficial for people to broaden views and horizons, and then help understand the essence of literature from different perspectives, promoting the academic circles to reflect on aesthetic ideology, that is, the first principle in the study of literature and its law of development, and pushing further thinking about contemporary development of literary theory.%董学文是当代文学理论界一位重要的文学理论家，其文学本质论思想深邃、浑厚有一定的创新性。由对文学与意识形态关系的梳理、对审美意识形态论观点的质疑和对文学本质是一种社会意识形式的阐述三个部分构成。研究董学文的文学本质论思想有益于人们拓展视野，从不同视角理解文学本质这一根本性问题，推动学术界对“文艺学第一原理”审美意识形态论的反思，促进文学理论当代发展的深远思考。
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