Zooplankton communities in the shellfish-culture area and its adjacent non-culture area in Li'an Lagoon in the south of Hainan Island were observed to analyze their short-term temporal variation in dry season,and were found to have high abundance,species richness,significant dominant species and low evenness.In the zooplankton communities were identified 104 species of zooplankton and 14 species of planktonic larvae,which were under 6 phyla and 76 genera.The total abundance ranged from 114 ind · L-1 to 735 ind · L-1,including 58％-77％ protozoa,18％-30％ copepods,and 1％-13％ tunicate.The dominant species were mainly Acrocalanus gibber,Oithona brevicornis,Oikopleura (vexillaria) dioica Harpacticoida,Favella ehrenbergi,Strombidinopsis acuminatum,Tintinnopsis lobiancoi,Globigerina quinqueloba and Helicostomella longa.The dominant species and dominance of the zooplankton showed temporal variation.The temporal pattern of the zooplankton in the shellfish culture area was similar to that in the adjacent non-culture area,but higher average abundance was observed in the non-culture area in the early month of the observation.Analysis of relationship between zooplankton communities and environmental factors showed that temperature,salinity and chlorophyll a were highly correlated to the zooplankton communities.The results demonstrated that apparent variations occurred in the community composition and abundance of the zooplankton even within one month in Li'an Lagoon.So it should be cautious to adopt the data from one single sampling time to represent long-term data in marine environmental research and monitoring.%笔者调查研究了海南岛南部黎安湾贝类养殖区及其附近非养殖海域的中小型浮游动物群落在旱季的短期变化特征,发现湾内浮游动物群落呈现丰度高、种类丰富、优势种突出以及均匀度低等特点.共鉴定出浮游动物104种,浮游幼体14类,隶属6门76个属.浮游动物的总丰度范围为114～735 ind· L-1,其中原生动物占58％ ～ 77％,桡足类18％ ～30％,被囊动物1％ ～ 13％.优势种主要为驼背隆哲水蚤、短脚长腹剑水蚤、异体住囊虫、爱氏网纹虫、尖底拟急游虫、弯叶拟铃虫、五叶抱球虫和长形旋口虫,优势种种类及优势度随时间变化而不同.养殖区与非养殖区附近的浮游动物结构相似性较高,但调查结果显示非养殖区浮游动物丰度显著高于养殖区.分析浮游动物群落与环境因子关系,发现温度、盐度和叶绿素a与浮游动物群落的相关性较高.结果表明,黎安湾浮游动物群落组成和丰度在1个月内发生了明显变化,因此,在海洋生态环境研究和监测中需注意,单次采样时间的结果不能全面反映或代表中长期的数据.
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