A solar tracking photoelectric sensor was designed and an optimization method of hybrid tracking control strategy was proposed for improving solar energy utilization in general photovoltaic power generation system. The system adopts a tracking mode combining time control with photoelectric control. The controller integrates and processes the real-time data of the sensor,converts the deviation angles of pitch and azimuth into some pulse width modulation,thereby drives the stepping motor to make the solar panel in a vertical position with the sun's rays. The experimental results showed that the designed photoelectric detection module could accurately track the position of the sun,and the optimized hybrid tracking control strategy not only reduced the system power consumption,but also improved the tracking accuracy. The entire system finally achieved the goal of maximum utilization of solar energy.%针对一般光伏发电系统中存在的太阳能利用率较低的问题,设计了一种太阳能跟踪光电传感器,并提出了一种混合跟踪控制策略的优化方法.系统采用时控和光控相结合的跟踪模式,通过控制器整合处理传感器的实时数据,将俯仰和方位两个维度的偏差角度转换成一定数量的PWM脉冲,从而驱动步进电机使太阳能电池板与太阳光线呈垂直姿态.实验测试结果表明:所设计的光电检测传感器模块可以准确地跟踪太阳方位,采用优化的混合跟踪控制策略不仅降低了系统功耗,而且提高了跟踪精度,整个系统最终实现了太阳能利用率最大化的目标.
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