By producing ramie alkali fibers and 3‐Ureido‐2‐Hydroxylpropyl cellulose intermediates 3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxylpropyl urea ,the ramie anion exchange functional fibers were prepared .The main chemical composition , mechanical properties and ion exchange capacity of ramie anion exchange functional fibers were measured .The optimal parameters have been obtained by the direct analysis and variance analysis ,namely reactant ratio of in‐termediates 3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxylpropyl urea is 5∶1 ,reaction time is 3 hours ,reaction temperature is 60℃ .Fi‐nally ,the microscopic observations are made through the sweeping electron microscope .There is little different appearance between anion exchange fibers and ramie fibers .The feature of absorption spectrum of —NH—group were found in infrared spectrum by infrared spectroscopy .%通过对苎麻碱纤维的碱处理，以及3‐氯‐2‐羟丙基脲中间体的合成，制备并研究了新型苎麻阴离子交换功能纤维3‐脲基‐2‐羟丙基纤维素的制备工艺，并测试了苎麻阴离子交换功能纤维的主要化学成分、机械性能及其离子交换容量．对实验结果进行直观分析和方差分析，得出最优工艺参数为：中间体3‐氯‐2‐羟基丙基脲与碱纤维素的投料比为5∶1，反应时间为3h，反应温度为60℃．最后，通过扫描电镜（SEM）对产品微观形态进行观察，产物的外观形态与苎麻纤维并无太大差异．而通过红外光谱分析，可以看出光谱图上有—NH—的特征吸收峰，表明其具有阴离子交换功能基团．
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