金属板料单点增量成形件精度不足是制约该技术发展的一项重要因素,轴向精度是成形件精度的重要组成部分.首先,以1060铝板圆锥台件为成形对象,对单点增量成形过程中造成轴向误差的原因进行分析.然后,对成形过程建立有限元模型,通过数值模拟的方式探讨成形件轴向误差在不同工艺参数下的变化规律,选取的工艺参数有成形角、层间距、板料厚度、进给速度以及工具头直径.接着,根据相应的实验验证数值模拟的结果.最后给出提高轴向精度的方法.结果表明:轴向误差值随着工具头直径、层间距、进给速度、成形角度和板料厚度的增大而增加,而采用高度补偿和提高工具头转速可以有效降低轴向误差,提高成形件精度.%Accuracy deficiency of the sheet metal single point incremental forming (SPIF) is an important factor restricting the development of this technology, with axial accuracy being the key part of the accuracy of workpieces.Firstly, the cause of axial error in the process of SPIF is analyzed based on 1060Aluminum sheet conical parts.Then, the finite element model is established, with the variation of the axial error under different process parameters discussed by numerical simulation.The selected process parameters include forming angle, layer spacing, sheet thickness, feed rate and diameter of tool head.Subsequently, the results of the numerical simulation are verified according to the corresponding experiments.Finally, the methods for improving the axial accuracy are presented.The results show that the axial error increases with the increase of tool head diameter, layer spacing, feed rate, forming angle and sheet thickness;the method for using height compensation and improving the tool rotation speed can effectively reduce the axial error and improve the accuracy of the parts.
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