明确医疗产品公益性的基本内涵，是提升我国医疗公益性水平的基础性工作。经济学视角下，公益性具有外在性及社会福利两层含义。狭义医疗产品的公益性更多与社会福利相关，而市场效率则是实现公益性的基础。医疗产品公益性实现的难点，在于平衡市场性与公益性之间的关系，由此确立如下悖论式命题：一方面，市场性（供给效率）需要由政府以外部矫正的方式予以创造；另一方面，医疗产品的公益性则必须以市场机制为其实现途径。%Understanding the attribute of non⁃profitable public benefit of medical products is a foundation step to promote the level of non⁃profitable service and public welfare of medicine in China. In economics, public benefit can be interpreted in externalities and social welfare. In a narrow sense it is more relevant to social welfare and market efficiency is the foundation to realize public benefit of medicine. The difficulty in realizing public benefit of medical products lies in balancing market profit gaining and public benefit giving. Market profit gaining or supply efficiency of medical products requires government external adjustment to produce, and public benefit of medical products needs market mechanism to bring its realization.
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