In this paper, with natural high molecular weight chitosan as raw materials, ultrasonic degradation is used to prepare oligochitosan. Single factor experiment is performed to study the effect of hydrochloric acid quality score, degradation temperature, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on the ultrasonic degradation of chitosan. The optimal degradation preparation conditions of the molecular weight chitosan less than one million are determined by the orthogonal experimental design. Results show that the best degradation conditions of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan are 3% concentration of hydrochloric acid, the degradation temperature of 65℃ , ultrasonic power 500 W, and ultrasonic time of 180min. In the best degradation condition, the oligochitosan with 6869 molecular weight can be available.%以天然大分子量壳聚糖为原料,利用超声波降解法制备低聚壳聚糖,并通过单因素实验研究盐酸质量分数、降解温度、超声功率和超声时间对超声波降解壳聚糖的影响,采用正交试验设计确定制备分子量小于1万的低聚壳聚糖的最佳降解条件.超声波降解壳聚糖的最佳降解条件为:盐酸质量分数3％、降解温度65℃、超声功率500 W、超声时间180 min,在最佳降解条件下可制备分子量为6 869的低聚壳聚糖.
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