采用人工点授法进行田间授粉试验,调查50个新疆杏品种的自然授粉结实能力以及自交亲和性,比较主栽品种轮台白杏与其他49个杏品种间正反交亲和性.结果表明,50个新疆杏品种自然坐果率平均值为6．5％,巴都玉吕克最高,为24．6％.赛买提、乔儿胖、黑叶杏、晚熟胡安娜、洛浦洪德克及特尔湾玉吕克自交坐果率在6．5％~19．1％,表现为自交亲和,其余44个品种自交坐果率为0％~4．5％,表现为自交不亲和.异花授粉中,以轮台白杏为母本的各正交组合坐果率平均值为25．7％,仅阿里瓦拉与轮台白杏不亲和,其余品种授粉轮台白杏坐果率在8．6％~53．6％,其中卡巴克胡安娜为父本坐果率最高.49个反交组合平均坐果率为6．1％,其中33个品种与轮台白杏反交不亲和,19个反交组合坐果率较自然授粉有所提高,轮台白杏授粉后树上干坐果率较高,达26．0％.分析结果表明,新疆杏品种授粉亲和性因品种、授粉方式而异,自然授粉坐果率普遍较低,多数自交不亲和,轮台白杏与其他品种间正反交坐果差异较大,存在反交不亲和现象.%The artificial spot pollen method was adopted in the field for pollination test,the fruiting ability of natural pollination and the self-compatibility of 50 Xinjiang local apricot varieties were investigated,and the reciprocal cross compatibility between Luntaibaixing which was the main cultivars in Xinjiang and oth-er 49 apricot varieties were compared.Results showed that the average value of natural setting fruit per-centage of 50 Xinjiang local apricot varieties was 6.5%,Baduyulüke owned the highest natural setting fruit percentage,accounting for 24.6%.The self setting fruit percentage of Saimaiti,Qiaoerpang,Heiyexing, Wanshuhuanna,and Teerwanyulüke were Self-compatibility,and were ranged from 6.5% to 1 9.1%,and the self setting fruit percentage of other 44 apricot varieties were ranged from 0% to 4.5%.In cross polli-nation,Luntaibaixing as female the average setting fruit percentage of orthogonal combinations was 25.7%,as male parent,just Aliwala was incompatibility cross with Luntaibaixing,Luntaibaixing pollinated by other varieties the setting fruit percentage were from 8.6% to 53.6%,and Kabakehuanna as male par-ent,the setting fruit percentage was higher than others.While pollinated by Luntaibaixing,the average set-ting fruit percentage of 49 back cross combinations was 6.1%,among which the setting fruit percentage of 33 apricot varieties and Luntaixing reverse-cross incompatibility,1 9 reverse-cross combinations were higherthanthatofnatural pollination ,the setting fruit percentage of Luntaibaixing ,accounting for 2 6 .0 % .The result showed that setting fruit percentage of pollination compatibility,pollination methods of Xinjiang a-pricot varieties and natural pollination were generally lower,because most of them were self-incompatibili-ty,there were great differences of positive and reverse-cross setting fruit percentage between Luntaibaixing and other varieties,among which there were reverse-cross incompatibility.
展开▼
