目的：了解某三甲医院儿童疾病的构成及变化趋势，为儿童疾病的预防、治疗及医疗资源的合理配置提供参考依据。方法收集整理某三甲医院2010－2013年住院儿童的住院病案首页管理系统产出的报表资料，根据《国际疾病分类》ICD-10分类标准，统计分析住院患儿第一诊断，比较不同性别、民族、年度住院儿童疾病谱差异。结果2010－2013年某三甲医院住院儿童50627人次，其中男性29537人次（58．34％），女性21090人次（41．66％）；汉族25800人次，维吾尔族16065人次，哈萨克族3847人次。2010年住院儿童为9002人次，2011年为12548人次，2012年为14318人次，2013年为14759人次。其中位居前10顺位的疾病分类分别为呼吸系统疾病（23．69％）、起源于围生期疾病（15．49％）、先天性异常疾病（10．60％）、肿瘤（7．08％）、泌尿生殖疾病（5．56％）、血液及造血器官疾病（5．32％）、损伤和中毒（4．93％）、消化系统疾病（4．61％）、神经系统疾病（4．36％）、传染病和寄生虫病（3．24％）。男性患儿疾病谱中泌尿生殖疾病和消化系统疾病构成比权重高于女孩，而起源于围生期疾病、肿瘤等构成比权重低于女孩。汉族儿童疾病谱中呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期疾病构成比权重较高；而维吾尔族、哈萨克族患儿中传染病和寄生虫病、神经系统疾病高发；维吾尔族患儿中先天性异常疾病、肿瘤及泌尿生殖疾病较为高发。呼吸系统疾病、起源于围生期疾病、先天性异常疾病一直占据住院患儿疾病的前3顺位，各年度疾病顺位变化较小。结论该院儿童疾病以呼吸系统疾病及起源于围生期疾病为主，应针对医院儿童疾病谱的特征，采取合理有效的防治措施。%Objective To know the composition and trend of the disease spectrum in hospitalized children and provide the reference for the children′s disease prevention,treatment and reasonable allocation of med-ical resources in a Grade-A hospital.Methods The hospital date of hospitalized children in 2010-2013 was collected and analyzed to know the first diagnosis and spectral differences in gender,ethnic groups, annual diseases according to the ICD-10 classification.Results There were 50 627 hospitalized children pa-tients in 2010-2013,with 29 537 male (58.34%)and 21 090 female (41.66%);among whom there were 25 800 Han people,16 065 Uygur people and 3 847 Kazak people.There were 9 002 inpatients in 2010, 12 548 inpatients in 2011,14 318 in 2012 and 14 759 in 2013.The top 10 diseases were respiratory diseases (23.69%),the diseases in the perinatal period (15.49%),congenital abnormalities (10.60%),tumor (7. 08%),the urogenital diseases (5.56%),diseases of blood and blood forming organs (5.32%),the injury and poisoning (4.93%),diseases of the digestive system (4.61%),nervous system diseases (4.36%),in-fectious and parasitic diseases (3.24%).In the spectrum of disease,boys had higher incidence of genitouri-nary diseases and digestive system diseases than girls,lower incidence of perinatal diseases and tumor than girls.Han children had higher incidence of respiratory system disease and perinatal disease;Uygur and Ka-zak children had higher incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases,nervous system diseases;the inci-dence of congenital malformation,tumor and urogenital diseases in Uygur children was relatively high. Diseases of the respiratory system,diseases in the perinatal period and congenital disorders disease ranked the top 3 in the spectrum of disease,with little variation each year.Conclusion The research showed that the major diseases of hospitalized children were respiratory diseases and perinatal diseases.The disease spectrum of children's hospital was of great value in making effective prevention and control measures.
展开▼
