Objective To establish Alzheimer's disease (AD) rat model by the induction of βl-40-amyloid protein and to investigate the effect of directional differentiation and transplantation of bone mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs) on ethology of AD rat. Methods Forty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and transplantation group, 15 rats in each group. First,the AD rat model was built using (31- 40-amyloid protein by stereotactic injection techniques;then, inducing differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transplanted by stereotactic injection techniques after 3 weeks of building the model, and the ethological changes of the AD rat model were observed by Morris water maze experiment; positive cells of choline acetylase in rats' hippocampus were observed by immunofluorescence histochemistry staining. Results The learning memory score of the rats in transplantation group increased significantly compared with before transplantation ( P < 0. 05 ) , there was a significant increase compared with model group( P <0. 05). Positive cells of choline acetylase in rats' hippocampus were found in transplantation group. Conclusion The transplantation of BMSCs can improve space behavior ability of AD rats,which offers practical basis for treating AD by BMSCs transplantation.%目的 通过β淀粉样蛋白1-40诱导建立阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠模型,探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)定向分化移植对AD大鼠行为学的影响.方法 将45只健康Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组及移植组,每组15只.首先利用β淀粉样蛋白1-40通过立体定向注射技术建立AD动物模型,造模3周后采用立体定向注射技术移植诱导分化的BMSCs,并采用Morris水迷宫实验观察大鼠模型行为学的变化；采用免疫荧光组织化学染色法观察各组大鼠海马区胆碱乙酰化酶(ChAT)阳性细胞.结果 移植组大鼠学习记忆成绩较移植前明显提高(P＜0.05),与模型组大鼠学习记忆成绩比较有明显提高(P＜0.05)；同时通过免疫荧光组织化学染色可在移植组大鼠海马区发现ChAT阳性细胞.结论 BMSCs移植能够改善AD大鼠空间行为学能力,为利用BMSCs移植治疗AS提供实践依据.
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