Atmospheric disturbance effect is one of the major factors which affect the measurement precision of sys⁃tem of ground⁃based synthetic aperture radar ( GBSAR) . It is closely relevant to the changes of atmospheric envi⁃ronment, and it varies with time and space. By analyzing spatial⁃temporal variation characteristics of error of atmos⁃pheric disturbance, we introduce function of quadric surface to establish a distribution model for atmospheric dis⁃turbance. Moreover,we use ground control points to obtain parameters of the model and to estimate the error at any position of overall testing area. Results suggest that the error of atmospheric disturbance is reduced and the accuracy of GBSAR measured data is improved by using this model.%大气扰动误差是地基合成孔径雷达（ GBSAR）观测的主要误差之一，它与大气环境的变化密切相关，受大气扰动干挠影响随时间和空间的变化而发生改变。通过分析大气扰动误差在时间和空间上的变化特性，采用二次曲面函数建立大气扰动的分布模型，利用多个固定点解算模型参数，进而估算整个测区任意位置的大气扰动误差。试验结果表明，该方法有效改正了大气扰动误差，提高了GBSAR观测结果的精度。
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