Mao Zedong worked for the realization of socialist ideals lifetime.Socialism is the core of his thought sys-tem.This paper overview his ideological content , characteristics , analyzes its advantages and disadvantages , and then discuss why the New Democratic Revolution ended too early , why the "Cultural Revolution"was launched?which were directly relevant with his socialist thought.%毛泽东的一生就是为实现社会主义理想而奋斗的一生，社会主义在他的思想体系中处于一种核心的位置。本文首先对他不同时期社会主义思想的内容、特征等进行一番简要的概述，并评析其利弊得失，然后探讨一下新民主主义为什么会过早结束、“文革”为什么会发动这两个与他的社会主义思想直接相关的重大问题。
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