在司马光研究的相关著作和论文中，研究者关注的焦点主要在于他的政治思想、史学思想、文学成就等几个方面，而对于他的家族世系问题却几乎没有涉及。司马光的父亲司马池自言其在山西夏县最早的祖先是魏晋时期司马孚的裔孙司马阳，然而却查无实据。司马氏的家族起源，可以上溯到五帝时期颛顼的儿子重、黎，而司马光家族有据可考的历史是从五代时期的司马林开始的，在北宋时期达到一个小的高峰。宋高宗南渡以后，司马光的后代流布浙江绍兴、四川宜宾等地。明末绍兴一支又回到夏县定居，延续至今。%By studying the related books and papers, we find that the focus of research on Sima Guang has been on his political thought, historiography thought, and literature achievement etc. But the problems about his family lineage weren’t involved. Sima Guang’s father said that his ancestor was Sima Yang, a descendant of Sima Fu in Weijin Period. But there was no proof for it. The historical proof shows that Sima family lived in Xiaxian County since the Five Dynasties period. After Emperor Gao Zong moved to the south, Sima Guang’s descendants scattered in other places. During the late Ming Dynasty, a branch of his family members moved back to his birthplace and lived there from then on.
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