Institution is a set of rules for social behavior which is associated with the limited rationality of human behavior and regulates the link of various economic and political interests. The institution itself is a ＂growth＂ process. With the perspective of institutional economics, the current issues of people＇ s livelihood in China can be divided into formal and informal institutional levels. The problems existing in both levels hinder the development of people＇s livelihood and even the society.%制度是与人类行为有限理性相联系的调节各种经济、政治利益关系的社会行为规则的集合，其本身是一个“生长”的过程。当前我国民生的问题化，从制度经济学上进行探究，可以分为正式制度层面和非正式制度层面。以教育制度、就业制度、医疗保障制度、住房制度、社会保障制度等为主体的正式制度和以社会行为习惯、意识形态为主的非正式制度所存在的羁畔，困扰着民生发展进程，也滞缓着整个社会发展的步伐。
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