Power-density distribution and the centroid distribution of target laser sparkle in turbulent atmosphere are analyzed,which explains the randomness of power-density distribution.The receiving models of laser rangefinders with two conditions that the area of the target is not smaller or smaller than the area of the sparkle are built respectively. Then,the effect of deviation between sighting axis and receiving axis on detecting probability is discussed.The curve of detecting probability varying with deviation between sighting axis and receiving axis is showed.The results show that the detecting probability is only related with the size of deviation and isn’t related with direction of deviation.%分析了在大气湍流影响下，目标激光光斑的功率密度及质心的分布情况，说明了目标激光光斑的功率密度分布的随机性。分别从目标大小不小于或者小于激光光斑两种情况建立了激光测距装备接收功率模型。在此基础上，重点讨论了发射轴和瞄准轴的平行度误差对探测率的影响，给出了探测率随平行度误差变化的曲线，得出了探测率只与平行度误差的大小有关，与偏差的方向无关的结论。
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