Space division multiplexing,as a possible solution to overcome the limitations of single-mode fiber commu-nication system,has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. It has a variety of implementations,such as multicore fiber,MIMO processing,mode-division based on multimode fiber and space optical component. Some solu-tions of mode multiplexing are analyzed,their principles are elaborated,and the latest progress of each solution is in-troduced. Finally,the characteristics of the various solutions have been reviewed.%空分复用技术作为克服单模光纤通信系统容量局限的一种可能解决方案近年来受到日益广泛的重视，具有多种实现方案，例如采用多芯光纤、MIMO技术（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output）、基于多模光纤、空间光学元件的模式复用等。针对空分复用技术，分析了几种模式复用解决方案，阐述原理的同时，介绍了各方案的最新实验结果，最后对各种方案的特点进行了评述。
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