通过菜籽油与马来酸酐进行自由基共聚合反应,然后用十二氟庚醇酯化,合成了含氟聚合物表面活性剂.反应过程用红外分析进行监控,聚合物的相对分子量用凝胶渗透色谱进行表征,同时研究了含氟表面活性剂的表面张力、临界胶束浓度及其可生物降解性.研究结果表明,该含氟表面活性剂的重均分子量Mw为66000 g/mol,数均分子量Mn为38800 g/mol;其临界胶束浓度为0.1 g/L,临界胶束浓度下的表面张力为(γCMC)为22.5 mN·m-1,与同类碳氢链共聚型表面活性剂相比,具有较强的表面张力降低能力.生物降解性研究表明,1000 mg/L的该表面活性剂溶液的呼吸曲线在内源呼吸曲线之上;BOD5/COD值大于0.45;降解5天的COD和TOC去除率分别达到91.0%和89.4%,显示出良好的生物降解性和环境友好性.%A novel fluorine-containing c opolymer surfactant was synthesized via free radical copoly-merization from maleic anhydride and rapeseed oil firstly, and then followed by an esterification reaction with dodecafluoro heptanol. The reaction progress was monitored on-line by FTIR and the copolymerization was characterized by molecular weight (GPC) analysis. Simultaneously, the surface tension and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) together with the biodegradability of the fluorine-containing copolymer surfactant were investigated in detail. The results indicate that this fluorine-containing surfactant with Mw of 66000 g/mol and Mn of 38800 g/mol shows a strong surface tension lowering ability, the CMC is 0.1 g/L, the surface tension value at the CMC (γCMC) is 22.5 mN·m-1 less than the corresponding copolymeric hydrocarbon surfactant. The evaluation of biodegradability indicates that the biological respiration curve of the fluorine-containing copolymer surfactant with concentration of 1000 mg/L is above the endogenous respiration curve;BOD5/COD value is higher than 0.45; the COD and TOC removal ratios after 5 days biodegradation reach 91.0% and 89.4%, respectively, showing good biodegradability and environmental-friendly feature.
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